It stands for the Kabuki society. During the Tang dynasty in China, Emperor Xuan Zong would teach music, theatre scripts, and others to his own pupils in the imperial court garden with pears planted, and he called them “Koutei Rien Deshi (Emperor’s Pupils in his garden with pears)”. The sinologists in the Edo period started to call the Kabuki society Rien, referring to this historical event, and consequently the name became established.